Comparative Report
Scientific exchange has played an important role in international relations for centuries and contributes to co-operation even in times of intense competition between states. The risks and interconnectedness associated with globalisation have made joint scientific progress even more vital. The climate crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic have reemphasised the need for strong international scientific cooperation. However, science diplomacy often follows unequal global power dynamics as wealthier countries poach top talent from around the world to boost their research output. There are also recurring fears that nuclear and biological technologies could be passed on to renegade states or terrorist groups.
